The knee is a fairly simple joint. As long as we don’t ask it for more than basic flexion/extension (for example, when riding a bike), all is well. However, twisting can sometimes cause tears in the ligaments (crossed in the middle and collateral inner and outer) and the meniscus, the small cartilage pads shaped like half-moons.

Contrary to the shoulder and elbow, the knee is a load-bearing joint that supports our body weight as we walk. To remain mobile, the knee must be free of pain and the joint fluid and stable. We are currently seeing a real epidemic of knee problems in the population, due to the trend of people living longer and also being much more active than before. Keeping people mobile and pain free as long as possible is the big challenge of modern-day orthopedics.

There are also many traumatic conditions that can affect the knee: fractures, ligament tears or sprains, tendon tears or sprains, tendinitis, bursitis, etc.